Jakarta EE
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Jakarta EE, formerly Java Platform, Enterprise Edition (Java EE) and Java 2 Platform, Enterprise Edition (J2EE), is a set of specifications, extending Java SEcite-ref-1[1] with specifications for enterprise features such as distributed computing and web services.cite-ref-2[2] Jakarta EE applications are run on reference runtimes, which can be microservices or application servers, which handle transactions, security, scalability, concurrency and management of the components they are deploying.
Jakarta EE is defined by its specification. The specification defines APIs (application programming interface) and their interactions. As with other Java Community Process specifications, providers must meet certain conformance requirements in order to declare their products as Jakarta EE compliant.
Examples of contexts in which Jakarta EE referencing runtimes are used are: e-commerce, accounting, banking information systems.
Contents
• History
• Java EE
• See also
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History
The platform created by Sun Microsystems was known as Java 2 Platform, Enterprise Edition or J2EE from version 1.2, until the name was changed to Java Platform, Enterprise Edition or Java EE in version 1.5.
After Sun was acquired in 2009, Java EE was maintained by Oracle under the Java Community Process. On September 12, 2017, Oracle Corporation announced that it would submit Java EE to the Eclipse Foundation.cite-ref-3[3] The Eclipse top-level project has been named Eclipse Enterprise for Java (EE4J).cite-ref-4[4] The Eclipse Foundation could not agree with Oracle over the use of javax and Java trademarks.cite-ref-5[5] Oracle owns the trademark for the name "Java" and the platform was renamed from Java EE to Jakarta EE.cite-ref-6[6]cite-ref-7[7] The name refers to the largest city on the island of Java and also the capital of Indonesia, Jakarta.cite-ref-8[8] The name should not be confused with the former Jakarta Project which fostered a number of current and former Java projects at the Apache Software Foundation.
| Platform version | Release | Specification | Java SE Support |
|---|---|---|---|
| Jakarta EE 11 | Planned for June/July 2024 | 11 | Java SE 21 |
| Jakarta EE 10 | 2022-09-22 | 10 | Java SE 17 Java SE 11 |
| Jakarta EE 9.1 | 2021-05-25 | 9.1 | Java SE 11 Java SE 8 |
| Jakarta EE 9 | 2020-12-08 | 9 | Java SE 8 |
| Jakarta EE 8 | 2019-09-10 | 8 | Java SE 8 |
| Java EE 8 | 2017-08-31 | JSR 366 | Java SE 8 |
| Java EE 7 | 2013-05-28 | JSR 342 | Java SE 7 |
| Java EE 6 | 2009-12-10 | JSR 316 | Java SE 6 |
| Java EE 5 | 2006-05-11 | JSR 244 | Java SE 5 |
| J2EE 1.4 | 2003-11-11 | JSR 151 | J2SE 1.4 |
| J2EE 1.3 | 2001-09-24 | JSR 58 | J2SE 1.3 |
| J2EE 1.2 | 1999-12-17 | 1.2 | J2SE 1.2 |
| Platform version | Important Changes |
|---|---|
| Jakarta EE 11 | Data |
| Jakarta EE 10 | Removal of deprecated items in Servlet,… |
| Jakarta EE 9.1 | JDK 11 support |
| Jakarta EE 9 | API namespace move from javax to jakarta |
| Jakarta EE 8 | Full compatibility with Java EE 8 |
| Java EE 8 | HTTP/2 and CDI based Security |
| Java EE 7 | WebSocket , JSON and HTML5 support |
| Java EE 6 | CDI managed Beans and REST |
| Java EE 5 | Java annotations and Generics in Java |
| J2EE 1.4 | WS-I interoperable web services |
| J2EE 1.3 | Java connector architecture |
| J2EE 1.2 | Initial specification release |
Specifications
Jakarta EE includes several specifications that serve different purposes, like generating web pages, reading and writing from a database in a transactional way, managing distributed queues.
The Jakarta EE APIs include several technologies that extend the functionality of the base Java SE APIs, such as Jakarta Enterprise Beans, connectors, servlets, Jakarta Server Pages and several web service technologies.
Web specifications
• Jakarta Servlet: defines how to manage HTTP requests, in a synchronous or asynchronous way. It is low level and other Jakarta EE specifications rely on it;
• Jakarta WebSocket: API specification that defines a set of APIs to service WebSocket connections;
• Jakarta Faces: a technology for constructing user interfaces out of components;
• Jakarta Expression Language (EL) is a simple language originally designed to satisfy the specific needs of web application developers. It is used specifically in Jakarta Faces to bind components to (backing) beans and in Contexts and Dependency Injection to named beans, but can be used throughout the entire platform.
Web service specifications
• Jakarta RESTful Web Services provides support in creating web services according to the Representational State Transfer (REST) architectural pattern;
• Jakarta JSON Processing is a set of specifications to manage information encoded in JSON format;
• Jakarta JSON Binding provides specifications to convert JSON information into or from Java classes;
• Jakarta XML Binding allows mapping XML into Java objects;
• Jakarta XML Web Services can be used to create SOAP web services.
Enterprise specifications
• Jakarta Activation (JAF) specifies an architecture to extend component Beans by providing data typing and bindings of such types.
• Jakarta Contexts and Dependency Injection (CDI) is a specification to provide a dependency injection container;
• Jakarta Enterprise Beans (EJB) specification defines a set of lightweight APIs that an object container (the EJB container) will support in order to provide transactions (using JTA), remote procedure calls (using RMI or RMI-IIOP), concurrency control, dependency injection and access control for business objects. This package contains the Jakarta Enterprise Beans classes and interfaces that define the contracts between the enterprise bean and its clients and between the enterprise bean and the ejb container.
• Jakarta Persistence (JPA) are specifications about object-relational mapping between relation database tables and Java classes.
• Jakarta Transactions (JTA) contains the interfaces and annotations to interact with the transaction support offered by Jakarta EE. Even though this API abstracts from the really low-level details, the interfaces are also considered somewhat low-level and the average application developer in Jakarta EE is either assumed to be relying on transparent handling of transactions by the higher level EJB abstractions, or using the annotations provided by this API in combination with CDI managed beans.
• Jakarta Messaging (JMS) provides a common way for Java programs to create, send, receive and read an enterprise messaging system's messages.
Other specifications
• Jakarta Validation: This package contains the annotations and interfaces for the declarative validation support offered by the Jakarta Validation API. Jakarta Validation provides a unified way to provide constraints on beans (e.g. Jakarta Persistence model classes) that can be enforced cross-layer. In Jakarta EE, Jakarta Persistence honors bean validation constraints in the persistence layer, while JSF does so in the view layer.
• Jakarta Batch provides the means for batch processing in applications to run long running background tasks that possibly involve a large volume of data and which may need to be periodically executed.
• Jakarta Connectors is a Java-based tool for connecting application servers and enterprise information systems (EIS) as part of enterprise application integration (EAI). This is a low-level API aimed at vendors that the average application developer typically does not come in contact with.
Web profile
In an attempt to limit the footprint of web containers, both in physical and in conceptual terms, the web profile was created, a subset of the Jakarta EE specifications. The Jakarta EE web profile comprises the following:
| Specification | Java EE 6 | Java EE 7 | Java EE 8 Jakarta EE 8 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Jakarta Servlet | 3.0 | 3.1 | 4.0 |
| Jakarta Server Pages ( JSP ) | 2.2 | 2.3 | 2.3 |
| Jakarta Expression Language ( EL ) | 2.2 | 3.0 | 3.0 |
| Jakarta Debugging Support for Other Lan… | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| Jakarta Standard Tag Library ( JSTL ) | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.2 |
| Jakarta Faces | 2.0 | 2.2 | 2.3 |
| Jakarta RESTful Web Services ( JAX-RS ) | 1.1 | 2.0 | 2.1 |
| Jakarta WebSocket ( WebSocket ) | — | 1.0 | 1.1 |
| Jakarta JSON Processing ( JSON-P ) | — | 1.0 | 1.1 |
| Jakarta JSON Binding ( JSON-B ) | — | — | 1.1 |
| Jakarta Annotations ( CA ) | 1.1 | 1.2 | 1.3 |
| Jakarta Enterprise Beans ( EJB ) | 3.1 Lite | 3.2 Lite | 3.2 Lite |
| Jakarta Transactions ( JTA ) | 1.1 | 1.2 | 1.2 |
| Jakarta Persistence ( JPA ) | 2.0 | 2.1 | 2.2 |
| Jakarta Bean Validation | 1.0 | 1.1 | 2.0 |
| Jakarta Managed Beans | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| Jakarta Interceptors | 1.1 | 1.2 | 1.2 |
| Jakarta Contexts and Dependency Injecti… | 1.0 | 1.1 | 2.0 |
| Jakarta Dependency Injection | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| Jakarta Security | — | — | 1.0 |
| Jakarta Authentication | — | 1.0 | 1.1 |
| Jakarta Concurrency | — | — | — |
| Specification | Jakarta EE 9 Jakarta EE 9.1 | Jakarta EE 10 |
|---|---|---|
| Jakarta Servlet | 5.0 | 6.0 |
| Jakarta Server Pages ( JSP ) | 3.0 | 3.1 |
| Jakarta Expression Language ( EL ) | 4.0 | 5.0 |
| Jakarta Debugging Support for Other Lan… | 2.0 | 2.0 |
| Jakarta Standard Tag Library ( JSTL ) | 2.0 | 3.0 |
| Jakarta Faces | 3.0 | 4.0 |
| Jakarta RESTful Web Services ( JAX-RS ) | 3.0 | 3.1 |
| Jakarta WebSocket ( WebSocket ) | 2.0 | 2.1 |
| Jakarta JSON Processing ( JSON-P ) | 2.0 | 2.1 |
| Jakarta JSON Binding ( JSON-B ) | 2.0 | 3.0 |
| Jakarta Annotations ( CA ) | 2.0 | 2.1 |
| Jakarta Enterprise Beans ( EJB ) | 4.0 Lite | 4.0 Lite |
| Jakarta Transactions ( JTA ) | 2.0 | 2.0 |
| Jakarta Persistence ( JPA ) | 3.0 | 3.1 |
| Jakarta Bean Validation | 3.0 | 3.0 |
| Jakarta Managed Beans | 2.0 | — |
| Jakarta Interceptors | 2.0 | 2.1 |
| Jakarta Contexts and Dependency Injecti… | 3.0 | 4.0 |
| Jakarta Dependency Injection | 2.0 | 2.0 |
| Jakarta Security | 2.0 | 3.0 |
| Jakarta Authentication | 2.0 | 3.0 |
| Jakarta Concurrency | — | 3.0 |
Certified referencing runtimes
Although by definition all Jakarta EE implementations provide the same base level of technologies (namely, the Jakarta EE spec and the associated APIs), they can differ considerably with respect to extra features (like connectors, clustering, fault tolerance, high availability, security, etc.), installed size, memory footprint, startup time, etc.
Jakarta EE
| Referencing runtime | Developer |
|---|---|
| GlassFish | Eclipse |
| Open Liberty | IBM |
| WebSphere Liberty | IBM |
| WildFly | Red Hat |
| JBoss EAP | Red Hat |
| TomEE | Apache |
| Payara Server | Payara Services Limited |
| Thunisoft Application Server | Beijing Thunisoft Information Technology |
| JEUS | TmaxSoft |
| InforSuite Application Server | Shandong Cvicse Middleware |
| WebOTX | NEC |
| Referencing runtime | Jakarta EE 10 Platform |
|---|---|
| GlassFish | Yes 7.0.0 |
| Open Liberty | Yes 22.0.0.13-beta, 23.0.0.3 |
| WebSphere Liberty | Yes 23.0.0.3 |
| WildFly | Yes 27.0.0.Alpha5 |
| JBoss EAP | Yes 8.0.0 |
| TomEE | Yes 10.x |
| Payara Server | Yes 6.2022.1 Alpha 4 |
| Thunisoft Application Server | No |
| JEUS | No |
| InforSuite Application Server | No |
| WebOTX | Yes 12 |
| Referencing runtime | Jakarta EE 9/9.1 Platform Compatible Pr… |
|---|---|
| GlassFish | Yes 6.0.0/ 6.1.0 |
| Open Liberty | Yes 21.0.0.12 |
| WebSphere Liberty | Yes 21.0.0.12 |
| WildFly | Yes 23.0.1-Preview/25.0.0-Preview |
| JBoss EAP | No |
| TomEE | Yes 9.x |
| Payara Server | Yes 6.2021.1 Alpha 1 |
| Thunisoft Application Server | Yes 3.0 |
| JEUS | No |
| InforSuite Application Server | Yes 11 |
| WebOTX | No |
| Referencing runtime | Jakarta EE 9/9.1 Web Profile Compatible… |
|---|---|
| GlassFish | Yes 6.0.0/ 6.1.0 |
| Open Liberty | Yes 21.0.0.12 |
| WebSphere Liberty | Yes 21.0.0.12 |
| WildFly | Yes 23.0.1-Preview/25.0.0-Preview |
| JBoss EAP | No |
| TomEE | Yes 9.x |
| Payara Server | No |
| Thunisoft Application Server | No |
| JEUS | No |
| InforSuite Application Server | No |
| WebOTX | No |
| Referencing runtime | Jakarta EE 8 Platform Compatible Produc… |
|---|---|
| GlassFish | Yes 5.1.0 |
| Open Liberty | Yes 19.0.0.6, 20.0.0.3 |
| WebSphere Liberty | Yes 20.0.0.3 |
| WildFly | Yes 18.0.0 |
| JBoss EAP | Yes 7.3.0 |
| TomEE | Yes 8.x |
| Payara Server | Yes 5.22.0, 5.23.0 |
| Thunisoft Application Server | Yes 2.8 |
| JEUS | Yes 8.5 |
| InforSuite Application Server | Yes 10 |
| WebOTX | Yes 11 |
| Referencing runtime | Jakarta EE 8 Web Profile Compatible Pro… | Licensing |
|---|---|---|
| GlassFish | Yes 5.1.0 | Free software |
| Open Liberty | Yes 19.0.0.6, 20.0.0.3 | Free software |
| WebSphere Liberty | Yes 20.0.0.3 | Proprietary software |
| WildFly | Yes 18.0.0 | Free software |
| JBoss EAP | Yes 7.3.0 | Free software |
| TomEE | Yes 8.x | Free software |
| Payara Server | Yes 5.23.0 | Free software |
| Thunisoft Application Server | No | Proprietary software |
| JEUS | No | Proprietary software |
| InforSuite Application Server | No | Proprietary software |
| WebOTX | No | Proprietary software |
Java EE
| Referencing runtime | Developer | Java EE 8 certified – Full |
|---|---|---|
| GlassFish server Open Source Edition | Oracle | Yes v5.0 |
| Oracle GlassFish Server | Oracle | |
| Oracle WebLogic Server | Oracle | Yes 14.1.1 |
| WildFly | Red Hat | Yes v14.x |
| JBoss Enterprise Application Platform | Red Hat | Yes v7.2 |
| IBM WebSphere Application Server | IBM | |
| IBM WebSphere Application Server Liberty | IBM | Yes v18.0.0.2 |
| Open Liberty | IBM | Yes v18.0.0.2 |
| IBM WebSphere Application Server Commun… | IBM | |
| Apache Geronimo | Apache | |
| JEUS | TmaxSoft | |
| Cosminexus Application Server | Hitachi | |
| Fujitsu Interstage Application Server | Fujitsu | |
| WebOTX | NEC | |
| BES Application Server | Baolande | |
| Apache TomEE | Apache | |
| Resin Server | Caucho | |
| Siwpas | OW2 | |
| JOnAS | OW2 | |
| SAP NetWeaver | SAP | |
| Oracle Containers for Java EE | Oracle | |
| Oracle iPlanet Web Server | Oracle | |
| Oracle Application Server 10g | Oracle | |
| Pramati Server | Pramati Technologies | |
| Trifork T4 | Trifork | |
| Sybase Enterprise Application Server | Sybase | |
| Referencing runtime | Java EE 8 certified – Web |
|---|---|
| GlassFish server Open Source Edition | Yes v5.0 |
| WildFly | Yes v14.x |
| IBM WebSphere Application Server Liberty | Yes v18.0.0.2 |
| Open Liberty | Yes v18.0.0.2 |
| Referencing runtime | Java EE 7 certified – Full |
|---|---|
| GlassFish server Open Source Edition | Yes v4.x |
| Oracle WebLogic Server | Yes 12.2.1 |
| WildFly | Yes v8.1 |
| JBoss Enterprise Application Platform | Yes v7.0 |
| IBM WebSphere Application Server | Yes v9.x |
| IBM WebSphere Application Server Liberty | Yes v8.5.5.6 |
| JEUS | Yes v8 |
| Cosminexus Application Server | Yes v10.0 |
| Fujitsu Interstage Application Server | Yes v12.0 |
| Referencing runtime | Java EE 7 certified – Web |
|---|---|
| GlassFish server Open Source Edition | Yes v4.x |
| WildFly | Yes v8.0.0.Final |
| JBoss Enterprise Application Platform | Yes v7.0 |
| IBM WebSphere Application Server | Yes v9.x |
| IBM WebSphere Application Server Liberty | Yes v8.5.5.6 |
| BES Application Server | Yes v9.5 |
| Apache TomEE | No 7 (Java EE 7 like, but not certified… |
| Referencing runtime | Java EE 6 certified – Full Official Ora… |
|---|---|
| GlassFish server Open Source Edition | Yes v3.x and upward |
| Oracle GlassFish Server | Yes v3 based on the open source GlassFi… |
| Oracle WebLogic Server | Yes v12c |
| WildFly | Yes v7.1 |
| JBoss Enterprise Application Platform | Yes v6.0 |
| IBM WebSphere Application Server | Yes v8 |
| IBM WebSphere Application Server Commun… | Yes v3.0 |
| Apache Geronimo | Yes v3.0-beta-1 |
| JEUS | Yes v7 |
| Cosminexus Application Server | Yes v9 |
| Fujitsu Interstage Application Server | Yes v1 Azure/v10.1 |
| WebOTX | Yes |
| Referencing runtime | Java EE 6 certified – Web |
|---|---|
| GlassFish server Open Source Edition | Yes v3.x Web Profile |
| WildFly | Yes v6.0 and v7.0 |
| IBM WebSphere Application Server Liberty | Yes v8.5.5 |
| Apache TomEE | Yes |
| Resin Server | Yes v4.0 |
| Siwpas | Yes v6.0 |
| JOnAS | Yes v5.3 rc1 |
| SAP NetWeaver | Yes v2.x |
| Referencing runtime | Java EE 5 certified |
|---|---|
| GlassFish server Open Source Edition | Yes v2.1.x |
| Oracle GlassFish Server | Yes Sun Java System Application Server… |
| Oracle WebLogic Server | Yes v10.3.5.0 |
| WildFly | Yes v5.1 |
| JBoss Enterprise Application Platform | Yes v5 |
| IBM WebSphere Application Server | Yes v7 |
| IBM WebSphere Application Server Commun… | Yes v2.1 |
| Apache Geronimo | Yes v2.0 |
| JEUS | Yes v6 |
| Fujitsu Interstage Application Server | Yes |
| WebOTX | Yes |
| JOnAS | Yes |
| SAP NetWeaver | Yes |
| Oracle Containers for Java EE | Yes |
| Referencing runtime | J2EE 1.4 certified |
|---|---|
| Oracle GlassFish Server | Yes Sun Java System Application Server… |
| Oracle WebLogic Server | Yes v9 |
| WildFly | Yes v4.x |
| IBM WebSphere Application Server | Yes |
| Apache Geronimo | Yes v1.0 |
| JEUS | Yes v5 |
| Resin Server | Yes |
| JOnAS | Yes |
| SAP NetWeaver | Yes |
| Oracle iPlanet Web Server | Yes Sun Java System Web Server |
| Oracle Application Server 10g | Yes |
| Pramati Server | Yes v5.0 |
| Trifork T4 | Yes |
| Sybase Enterprise Application Server | Yes |
| Referencing runtime | Licensing |
|---|---|
| GlassFish server Open Source Edition | Free software |
| Oracle GlassFish Server | Proprietary software |
| Oracle WebLogic Server | Proprietary software |
| WildFly | Free software |
| JBoss Enterprise Application Platform | Proprietary software |
| IBM WebSphere Application Server | Proprietary software |
| IBM WebSphere Application Server Liberty | Proprietary software |
| Open Liberty | Free software |
| IBM WebSphere Application Server Commun… | Proprietary software |
| Apache Geronimo | Free software |
| JEUS | Proprietary software |
| Cosminexus Application Server | Proprietary software |
| Fujitsu Interstage Application Server | Proprietary software |
| WebOTX | Proprietary software |
| Apache TomEE | Free software |
| Resin Server | Proprietary software |
| Siwpas | Free software |
| JOnAS | Free software |
| SAP NetWeaver | Proprietary software |
| Oracle Containers for Java EE | Proprietary software |
| Oracle iPlanet Web Server | Proprietary software |
| Oracle Application Server 10g | Proprietary software |
| Pramati Server | Proprietary software |
| Trifork T4 | Proprietary software |
| Sybase Enterprise Application Server | Proprietary software |
Code sample
The code sample shown below demonstrates how various technologies in Java EE 7 are used together to build a web form for editing a user.
In Jakarta EE a (web) UI can be built using Jakarta Servlet, Jakarta Server Pages (JSP), or Jakarta Faces (JSF) with Facelets. The example below uses Faces and Facelets. Not explicitly shown is that the input components use the Jakarta EE Bean Validation API under the covers to validate constraints.
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:h="http://xmlns.jcp.org/jsf/html" xmlns:f="http://xmlns.jcp.org/jsf/core">
<f:metadata>
<f:viewParam name="user_id" value="#{userEdit.user}" converter="#{userConvertor}" />
</f:metadata>
<h:body>
<h:messages />
<h:form>
<h:panelGrid columns="2">
<h:outputLabel for="firstName" value="First name" />
<h:inputText id="firstName" value="#{userEdit.user.firstName}" label="First name" />
<h:outputLabel for="lastName" value="Last name" />
<h:inputText id="lastName" value="#{userEdit.user.lastName}" label="Last name" />
<h:commandButton action="#{userEdit.saveUser}" value="Save" />
</h:panelGrid>
</h:form>
</h:body>
</html>
Example Backing Bean class
To assist the view, Jakarta EE uses a concept called a "Backing Bean". The example below uses Contexts and Dependency Injection (CDI) and Jakarta Enterprise Beans (EJB).
@Named
@ViewScoped
public class UserEdit {
private User user;
@Inject
private UserDAO userDAO;
public String saveUser() {
userDAO.save(this.user);
addFlashMessage("User " + this.user.getId() + " saved");
return "users.xhtml?faces-redirect=true";
}
public void setUser(User user) {
this.user = user;
}
public User getUser() {
return user;
}
}
Example Data Access Object class
To implement business logic, Jakarta Enterprise Beans (EJB) is the dedicated technology in Jakarta EE. For the actual persistence, JDBC or Jakarta Persistence (JPA) can be used. The example below uses EJB and JPA. Not explicitly shown is that JTA is used under the covers by EJB to control transactional behavior.
@Stateless
public class UserDAO {
@PersistenceContext
private EntityManager entityManager;
public void save(User user) {
entityManager.persist(user);
}
public void update(User user) {
entityManager.merge(user);
}
public List<User> getAll() {
return entityManager.createNamedQuery("User.getAll", User.class)
.getResultList();
}
}
Example Entity class
For defining entity/model classes Jakarta EE provides the Jakarta Persistence (JPA), and for expressing constraints on those entities it provides the Bean Validation API. The example below uses both these technologies.
@Entity
public class User {
@Id
@GeneratedValue(strategy = IDENTITY)
private Integer id;
@Size(min = 2, message="First name too short")
private String firstName;
@Size(min = 2, message="Last name too short")
private String lastName;
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getFirstName() {
return firstName;
}
public void setFirstName(String firstName) {
this.firstName = firstName;
}
public String getLastName() {
return lastName;
}
public void setLastName(String lastName) {
this.lastName = lastName;
}
}
See also
References
cite-note-11. ↑ "Differences between Java EE and Java SE - Your First Cup: An Introduction to the Java EE Platform". Docs.oracle.com. 2012-04-01. Retrieved 2012-07-18.
cite-note-22. ↑ "Java EE Overview". Oracle Corporation. Retrieved February 26, 2017.
cite-note-33. ↑ citerefwaters2017Waters, John K. (September 12, 2017). "Java EE Is Moving to the Eclipse Foundation". ADTmag. Retrieved 2017-09-13.
cite-note-44. ↑ citerefbeatonBeaton, Wayne. "EE4J FAQ". Eclipse Foundation.
cite-note-55. ↑ citerefmilinkovich2019Milinkovich, Mike (May 3, 2019). "Update on Jakarta EE Rights to Java Trademarks". Blog. Life at Eclipse. Retrieved 2024-07-25.
cite-note-66. ↑ citerefchirgwin2018Chirgwin, Richard (March 4, 2018). "Java EE renamed 'Jakarta EE' after Big Red brand spat". Software. The Register. Retrieved 19 March 2018.
cite-note-88. ↑ citereftijms2020Tijms, Arjan (February 27, 2020). "Transition From Java EE to Jakarta EE". Java Magazine. blogs.oracle.com. Retrieved 2024-07-25.
cite-note-91. "Jakarta EE Releases". Jakarta EE. Eclipse Foundation. Retrieved 2024-07-17.
cite-note-102. citerefobradovicgrimstad2022Obradovic, Tanja; Grimstad, Ivar (2022-09-22). "The Eclipse Foundation's Jakarta EE Working Group Releases Jakarta EE 10 to Usher in the Era of Cloud Native Java". News. Jakarta EE (Press release). Eclipse Foundation. Retrieved 2024-07-17.
cite-note-113. citerefobradovicgrimstad2021Obradovic, Tanja; Grimstad, Ivar (2021-05-25). "The Jakarta EE Working Group Releases Jakarta EE 9.1 as Industry Continues to Embrace Open Source Enterprise Java". News. Jakarta EE (Press release). Eclipse Foundation. Retrieved 2022-03-05.
cite-note-124. citerefmmayelobradovic2020Mmayel, Shabnam; Obradovic, Tanja (2020-12-08). "Jakarta EE 9 Released!". News. Jakarta EE (Press release). Eclipse Foundation. Retrieved 2022-03-05.
cite-note-135. citerefmmayelobradovic2019Mmayel, Shabnam; Obradovic, Tanja (2019-09-10). "Jakarta EE 8 Released!". News. Jakarta EE (Press release). Eclipse Foundation. Retrieved 2022-03-05.
cite-note-146. citerefkrill2003Krill, Paul (November 21, 2003). "J2EE 1.4 spec certified". Software Development. InfoWorld. Retrieved 2022-03-05.
cite-note-157. citerefcopeland2001Copeland, Lee (September 24, 2001). "Sun unveils J2EE 1.3". Software Development. Computerworld. Retrieved 2022-03-05.
cite-note-168. "JSR 316: Java Platform, Enterprise Edition 6 (Java EE 6) Specification". Java Community Process. Oracle Corporation. Retrieved 2022-03-05.
cite-note-179. "JSR 342: Java Platform, Enterprise Edition 7 (Java EE 7) Specification". Java Community Process. Oracle Corporation. Retrieved 2022-03-05.
cite-note-1810. "Java Platform, Enterprise Edition 8 (Java EE 8) Web Profile Specification" (PDF). GitHub. Oracle Corporation. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2022-10-09. Retrieved 2022-02-05.
cite-note-1911. "Web Profile Definition". Jakarta EE WebProfile. 8. Jakarta EE. Eclipse Foundation. Retrieved 2022-03-05.
cite-note-2012. "Web Profile Definition". Jakarta EE WebProfile. 9. Jakarta EE. Eclipse Foundation. Retrieved 2022-03-05.
cite-note-2113. "Web Profile Definition". Jakarta EE WebProfile. 9.1. Jakarta EE. Eclipse Foundation. Retrieved 2022-03-05.
cite-note-2214. "Web Profile Definition". Jakarta EE WebProfile. 10. Jakarta EE. Eclipse Foundation. Retrieved 2022-09-27.
cite-note-jakarta10-compatibility-2315. "Jakarta EE Compatible Products". Jakarta.ee.
cite-note-jakarta9-compatibility-2416. "Jakarta EE 9 Compatible Products". Jakarta.ee.
cite-note-jakarta8-compatibility-2517. "Jakarta EE 8 Compatible Products". Jakarta.ee.
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External links
Wikimedia Commons has media related to
Jakarta EE
.
• Official website
• Jakarta EE Compatible Products: Enterprise Java Application and Web Servers - Eclipse Foundation
• The Official Jakarta EE Tutorial
• First Cup of Jakarta EE Tutorial: An Introduction to Jakarta EE
• Jakarta EE Specification Guide - Jakarta EE Platform
• Jakarta EE Official Starter: Generate a Jakarta EE Project
• Java Platform, Enterprise Edition (Java EE), Oracle Technology Network
• Jakarta EE official YouTube channel